Winter sun warning: Snow blindness acts like a sunburn on your eyes

WISE NEWS PRESS / IZMIR, TURKEY — DEC. 12, 2025

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Uğur Ünsal, an Ophthalmology Specialist at Batıgöz Health Group, has issued a warning regarding the dangers of the winter sun, stating that intense ultraviolet (UV) rays reflecting off snow can cause burns on the cornea similar to sunburn on the skin.

Medically known as "photokeratitis" and commonly referred to as "snow blindness," this condition poses a significant risk for skiers, hikers, and anyone spending prolonged periods outdoors in snowy environments. Dr. Ünsal emphasized that unprotected exposure to these amplified rays can lead to painful temporary vision loss.

The "sand in the eye" sensation

Snow blindness is deceptive because symptoms typically do not appear immediately but develop a few hours after exposure. Patients often describe the sensation as having sand or grit in their eyes, accompanied by intense burning.

"Symptoms include severe stinging, tearing, redness, blurred vision, and extreme sensitivity to light," Dr. Ünsal explained. "Rubbing the eyes during this period can exacerbate the damage and should be avoided."

Dark lenses are not enough; UV filters are a must

The most effective way to prevent snow blindness is to use sunglasses that offer 100% UV-A and UV-B protection. However, experts warn against a common misconception regarding lens darkness.

"Simply wearing dark glasses is not sufficient. In fact, dark glasses without a UV filter can be more dangerous because they cause the pupils to dilate, allowing even more harmful rays to enter the eye," said Dr. Ünsal. He recommended choosing wraparound models that also block reflections coming from the sides.

Treatment and recovery

While snow blindness usually heals without causing permanent vision loss, it requires proper care to prevent complications like infection.

"Treatment involves resting the eyes and using moisturizing or antibiotic drops prescribed by a specialist," Dr. Ünsal stated. "Contact lenses should not be worn, and eye makeup should be avoided during recovery. Significant relief is usually felt within 24 to 48 hours."

Winter dryness affects the eyes

Dr. Ünsal also highlighted that cold wind and dry indoor heating during winter can disrupt the tear balance, leading to dry eye syndrome.

"Excessively dry environments leave the eye surface vulnerable. Spending long periods in low-humidity indoor areas can increase irritation. Therefore, using moisturizing drops and making a habit of blinking frequently is important," he added.

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